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Eastern Arabia was historically known as Bahrain ((アラビア語:البحرين)) until the 18th century. This region stretched from the south of Basra along the Persian Gulf coast and included the regions of Bahrain, Kuwait, Al-Hasa, Qatif, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Southern Iraq, and Northern Oman. The entire coastal strip of Eastern Arabia was known as “Bahrain” for ten centuries.〔 Until very recently, the whole of Eastern Arabia, from southern Iraq to the mountains of Oman, was a place where people moved around, settled and married unconcerned by national borders. The people of Eastern Arabia shared a culture based on the sea; they are seafaring peoples.〔 The Arab States of the Persian Gulf are solely Eastern Arabia,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of eastern Arabia, 1750-1800: the rise and development of Bahrain and Kuwait )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Labor, Nationalism and Imperialism in Eastern Arabia: Britain, the Shaikhs and the Gulf Oil Workers in Bahrain, Kuwait and Qatar, 1932-1956 )〕 the borders of the Arabic-speaking Gulf do not extend beyond Eastern Arabia.〔 The modern-day states of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and UAE are the archetypal Gulf Arab states.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Eastern Arabian States: Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Oman )〕 Saudi Arabia is often considered a Gulf Arab state although most Saudis do not live in Eastern Arabia.〔 ==Etymology== In Arabic, ''Bahrayn'' is the dual form of ''bahr'' (“sea”), so ''al-Bahrayn'' means "the Two Seas". However, which two seas were originally intended remains in dispute.〔 The term appears five times in the Qur'an, but does not refer to the modern islandoriginally known to the Arabs as “Awal”but rather to the oases of al-Katif and Hadjar (modern al-Hasa).〔''Encyclopedia of Islam,'' Vol. I. “Bahrayn”, p. 941. E.J. Brill (Leiden), 1960.〕 It is unclear when the term began to refer exclusively to the Awal islands, but it was probably after the 15th century. Today, Bahrain's “two seas” are instead generally taken to be the bay east and west of the coast,〔Room, Adrian. ''(Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features and Historic Sites )''. 2006. ISBN 978-0-7864-2248-7.〕 the seas north and south of the island, or the salt and fresh water present above and below the ground.〔Faroughy, Abbas. ''The Bahrein Islands (750–1951): A Contribution to the Study of Power Politics in the Persian Gulf.'' Verry, Fisher & Co. (New York), 1951.〕 In addition to wells, there are places in the sea north of Bahrain where fresh water bubbles up in the middle of the salt water, noted by visitors since antiquity. An alternate theory offered by Al-Hasa was that the two seas were the Great Green Ocean and a peaceful lake on the mainland; still another provided by al-Jawahari is that the more formal name ''Bahri'' (lit. “belonging to the sea”) would have been misunderstood and so was opted against.〔 The term "Gulf Arab" solely refers, geographically, to inhabitants of eastern Arabia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Eastern Arabia Historic Photographs: Kuwait, 1900-1936 )〕 The term "Khaleejis" is often misused to identify all the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eastern Arabia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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